Archive for April, 2010

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Health and Safety; its a Rainforest Alliance issue too

28/04/2010

As World Day for Safety and Health at Work is marked today (28th April), we at the Rainforest Alliance continue to ensure that workers’ rights are an integral part of the certification process. Rainforest Alliance certification is built on the three pillars of sustainability — environmental protection, social equity and economic viability. No single pillar can support long-term success on its own, so we help farmers succeed in all three areas, from protecting wildlife to providing a safe working environment.

To achieve Rainforest Alliance certification strict health and safety principles have to be adhered to, such as working hours, rest periods, provision of safety equipment and sanitary facilities.

With so many smallholder tea farmers in Kenya undertaking Rainforest Alliance certification, the Kenya Tea Development Agency has set up a microfinance institute to support farmers achieve certification, which includes meeting strict health and safety standards. Greenland Fedha Ltd provides affordable financing to small-scale tea farmers for farm inputs.

Greenland Fedha was launched just eight months ago and already provided the finance for four tea factories to source 16,000 sets of personal protective equipment for their smallholder farmers to purchase. With such health and safety requirements being met, two of the four factories are now Rainforest Alliance Certified, whilst the other two are currently undergoing certification. For the farmers this not only means a safer working environment; but the improved working conditions leads to increased productivity, less worker complaints and improved quality, which ultimately results in improved profitability and competitiveness.

Kenya’s coffee industry is also making changes to ensure the rights of workers are met. Kandara has just become Kenya’s first cooperative of smallholder coffee producers to become Rainforest Alliance Certified. As part of achieving certification, Kandara made investments at washing level station through Mars Drinks’ Brighter Tomorrow at Origin programme.

Mars Alastair Child, who works with the global sustainability team recently visited the Kandara cooperative and told us: “The work on health and safety was very evident. I saw modifications to processing machinery since my last visit, as well as workers with personal protective equipment. There was also plenty of signage indicating fire extinguishers, first aid points and safe walkways. We are delighted that as a result of their hard work, the cooperative successfully achieved Rainforest Alliance certification.“

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A comic look at child labour.

15/04/2010

But there’s nothing funny about child labour I hear you say.  And this comic is as serious as any communication, report, conference or law aimed at preventing the use of child labour on coffee farms in Latin America.  David Dudenhoefer recently returned from a visit to El Salvador where he visited a group of coffee farms who have been certified by the Rainforest AllianceRead here about what he found and how the Rainforest Alliance is making an innovative use of comic books to help educate farmers about the issues surrounding child labour and how they can ensure that in compliance to Rainforest Alliance certification they are not using children on their farms.

The article, published on the ISEAL website opens with a simple and compelling statement: “Around 5.7 million children work in the Caribbean and Latin America, according to the ILO. Girls do domestic chores while boys work in agriculture – work that can involve razor-sharp tools, power machinery and pesticides. Both interfere with schooling and the normal playtime of youth. Here we focus on a cooperative in El Salvador that our member Rainforest Alliance helped buck the trend by using a simple comic book.”

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How we’ve grown in a year…

07/04/2010

We’ve just released our annual growth figures for 2009, and we’re delighted to announce that the number of companies buying from Rainforest Alliance Certified™ farms or forests has increased by 26 percent from the previous year. Whilst this is obviously great news for us, it’s even better news for the environment, and the farmers and their families who rely on it for their livelihoods.

We’ve seen continued growth in all of our programmes in sustainable forestry, agriculture, tourism and climate, despite an uncertain economic landscape. We can even go so far as to say that we are improving entire industries. For example, four out of the five top tea companies worldwide have committed to buying tea from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms, and currently one out of every three cups of tea consumed in the UK contains leaves from Rainforest Alliance Certified tea plantations (see UK Frog Blog entry “The green frog takes a great leap forward in sustainable tea”
17/02/2010).

In forestry, the Rainforest Alliance’s SmartWood programme is a leading certifier to Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) standards, having certified 50 percent of FSC-certified lands worldwide. The FSC is considered the gold standard of well-managed forest certification, recognised by the world’s leading environmental organisations.

During 2009, the our SmartWood programme certified 22.2 million acres (9 million ha) of forestland, increasing the programme’s overall forest management area 18 percent to 145 million acres (59 million ha) worldwide.  The programme also certified the first biomass pellet mill in the US to FSC standards, a first step to ensuring that efforts to promote energy independence and reduce greenhouse gas emissions are not compromised by destructive impacts that can result from overharvesting wood.

There was a similar increase in the number of companies certified along the supply chain, through FSC Chain-of-Custody certification, a practice that ensures the traceability of an FSC-certified wood or paper product from the forest to the shop.  FSC Chain-of-Custody certificates issued during 2009 grew 18.3 percent from the previous year to 2,783 certificates.  In 2009, companies like Staples, Marks & Spencer, and Unilever ramped up their sourcing of FSC-certified goods.

We take a holistic approach to our work in sustainable agriculture, but focus our efforts in areas of high biodiversity, such as the tropics.  Farms that meet rigorous environmental, social and economic standards for sustainability can earn Rainforest Alliance certification.  We have brought over 1.2 million acres (501,471 ha) of farmland into sustainable production.  Rainforest Alliance Certified farms protect waterways, curb deforestation, improve efficiency, ensure decent wages and housing for farm workers, improve worker safety, provide access to education for farm children, limit pesticide use and use less water.  During 2009, the first large-scale group certification was awarded to over 12,000 smallholder tea farmers in Kenya and an addendum to the Sustainable Agriculture Standard, the standard used to audit for certification, was published for palm oil, soybean and sugar cane crops.

The volume of Rainforest Alliance Certified coffee sold in 2009 grew 41 percent from the previous year to 87,583 metric tons.  Rainforest Alliance Certified coffee currently accounts for an estimated 1.5 percent of coffee sold on the international export market, and roughly fifteen percent of bananas on the international market come from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms.  With public commitments from Kraft; Mars Incorporated; and several other collaborations with major cocoa traders and processors, the estimated sales of Rainforest Alliance Certified cocoa increased 27 percent from 6,700 tons to 8,500 tons, helping thousands of cocoa farmers in Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Ecuador and elsewhere raise their standard of living while conserving the trees, streams and soils on which they and future generations depend.  Mars has made an industry changing commitment to source all their cocoa sustainably by 2020 including 100,000 tons of cocoa from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms.  The Galaxy chocolate bar has already launched here in the UK with the green frog seal.  During the last year, the number of companies buying from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms and using the seal on packaging increased by 40 percent to nearly 2,000 companies. PG tips now sources 100 percent of their tea from Rainforest Alliance Certified tea estates.

For our work in tourism, we received a 2009 Travel + Leisure Global Vision Award for upping the ante for sustainability standards in the tourism industry.  The Rainforest Alliance was cited for the leadership role it has played in creating the Tourism Sustainability Council, a global membership body set to launch early next year.  The council will promote widespread understanding of sustainable tourism principles and help travellers differentiate the truly eco-friendly from the greenwashers.  Currently 507 tourism businesses are working with the Rainforest Alliance’s sustainable tourism programme, up 18 percent from 429 businesses in April 2008.

The climate initiative has also seen an upsurge in activity, to date validating or verifying 11 forest carbon projects representing 1,897,239 acres (768,113 ha).  Together with partners like IMAFLORA, the Rainforest Alliance evaluates projects against standards including the Climate, Community & Biodiversity Alliance, the Voluntary Carbon Standard and Plan Vivo.  Recent accomplishments include the first validation of a community forest restoration project to the updated Plan Vivo Standards in Africa and the assessment of a new methodology used to reduce emissions from carbon-rich peatlands.  We have more than 20 additional carbon projects currently in progress in over 20 countries.

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Working with cocoa farmers in West Africa

01/04/2010

Rainforest Alliance senior trainer, Edmond Konan, with one of the cocoa cooperatives in Côte d’Ivoire; credit Bettina Mueller-Roettig

You may have seen the recent BBC Panorama programme, The Bitter Truth of Chocolate, which addressed issues of child labour in the cocoa growing regions of Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana.  As more and more chocolate being sold on the UK’s high street is bearing credible certification marks such as the Rainforest Alliance’s green frog seal you may be wondering what we are doing in West Africa to work with cocoa farmers to help improve their livelihoods, living standards and tackle the issue of child labour.

The Rainforest Alliance promotes the Sustainable Agriculture Standard and certifies farms and groups of small holder farmers that comply with this Standard. We have been working in Côte d’Ivoire for four years and in Ghana for two. To become Rainforest Alliance Certified™ cocoa farmers spend about six months preparing for a certification audit. During this time they receive training in the Standard, which comprises a range of socially and environmentally responsible practices, as well as good agricultural practices. At any one time we have between 12 to 15 trainers working in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana. Principle 5 of the standard has detailed criteria about employment conditions, including children working on farms. These criteria have been cross referenced to the law in both Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana, so that farmers, group managers and auditors are all aware of the requirements of both the law and the certification Standard. Specifically, the Standard:

·    Prohibits direct or indirect employment of full- or part-time workers under the age of 15 or the minimum legal age, whichever is higher
·    Requires farms contracting minors between the ages of 15 and 17 to keep detailed records of length and type of work carried out (they may not work more than eight hours per day, apply any agrochemicals or undertake any tasks affecting their health or safety), they must ensure remuneration is received and the permission of the parents or guardians is obtained
·    Allows minors between 12 and 14 years old to work part-time on family farms, only if they are family members or neighbours in a community where minors have traditionally helped with agricultural work. The schedule for these minors including school, transportation and work must not exceed ten hours on school days (including the time they spend in school) or eight hours on non-school days, and farm work must not interfere with educational opportunities.

For the full text, see www.rainforest-alliance.org/agriculture

The Rainforest Alliance certification system supports the elimination of child labour in three ways:

Woman farmer, Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire; women take part in the training program and are very conscious of their children’s welfare.

1.    Through the training programme it builds awareness among farmers and communities of the welfare of their children. I have taken part in training programmes where farmers stood up and told how they now realized the importance of educating their children and not exposing them to unhealthy or unsafe work in cocoa farms, such as carrying heavy loads or using a machete.  From the UK to Africa to Australia, farmers are famously reluctant to change what they and their ancestors have always done, so hearing this makes me realize our approach can work.
2.    Rainforest Alliance specifically collaborates with the International Cocoa Initiative and the Sustainable Tree Crops Programme, which are in turn supporting government efforts to educate cocoa growing communities about child welfare and monitor employment practices.
3.    The certification system requires continuous visits to farms by internal inspectors and an annual external audit to record employment practices. It provides an incentive to farmers to comply with the standard by offering new market opportunities once they become certified.

In spite of our vigilance and care, sometimes abuse can slip through this education and verification approach. It is impossible to monitor every cocoa farm every day of the year. For this reason, the Rainforest Alliance does not claim that its certification system is a guarantee. In countries where poverty and traditions drive unacceptable employment practices in several industries, no credible system can make such guarantees. But the combination of education and auditing is the best assurance possible that child labour is not present in a Rainforest Alliance CertifiedTM farm.

We are very careful to ensure that cocoa from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms remains separated from cocoa from non-certified farms throughout the supply chain.  We require certified cocoa to be documented and separated as it is distributed through the supply chain from farmer to group to exporter to importer and processor. This chain of custody system enables the manufacturer of a cocoa or chocolate product using the Rainforest Alliance Certified seal to know that the cocoa supplied to its factory has not been mixed with cocoa from non certified sources.

Tackling issues of child labour in West Africa is one of our greatest challenges.    But by increasing the number of farms that achieve Rainforest Alliance certification, we are working with other NGOs, government agencies and international bodies to educate farmers and eliminate the use of children on cocoa farms. The best incentive for farmers to embrace the Sustainable Agriculture Standard, which includes many other social and environmental requirements that help improve quality of life, is if they have a secure market and can sell their crops to forward-thinking companies like Kraft and Mars. That’s where consumers come in.  So look out for the green frog seal.

Edward Millard

Director, Sustainable Landscapes

Rainforest Alliance

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